rotational level वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
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- The rotational levels therefore have relative energies BN ( N + 1 ) starting with N = \ Lambda.
- But the even numbered rotational levels do not have Q branch lines, due to both nuclei being spin 0.
- The odd-J rotational levels cannot exist and the allowed vibrational bands consist of only absorption lines from even-J initial levels.
- Each rotational level was split into two tunneling states, with an energy separation equal to the tunneling rate divided by Planck's constant.
- There are, ideally, 2S + 1 fine-structure states, each with rotational levels having relative energies BJ ( J + 1 ) starting with J = \ Omega.
- Analytical expressions can be derived for the fourth category, asymmetric top, for rotational levels up to J = 3, but higher energy levels need to be determined using numerical methods.
- Molecular spectroscopy of dinitrogen ( 14 N 2 ) showed that transitions originating from even rotational levels are more intense than those from odd levels, hence the even levels are more populated.
- In a very general way, energy level differences between electronic states are larger, differences between vibrational levels are intermediate, and differences between rotational levels are smaller, although there can be overlap.
- For dihydrogen, each nucleus is a proton of spin 1 / 2, so that it can be shown using quantum mechanics and the Pauli exclusion principle that the odd rotational levels are more populated than the even levels.
- Then for subsequently higher vibrational levels from 2 to 13 the number of maximum rotational levels decreasing going through the sequence 47, 44, 42, 39, 36, 33, 30, 27, 23, 19, 15, 11 and 6.
- For D2, " I = 1 " and thus there are six symmetric functions, which go with the even " J " levels to produce an overall symmetric wavefunction, and three antisymmetric functions that must go with odd " J " rotational levels to produce an overall even function.
- The Raman spectrum observed by Rasetti provided the first experimental evidence that this proton-electron model of the nucleus is inadequate, because the predicted half-integral spin has as a consequence that transitions from odd rotational levels would be more intense than those from even levels, due to nuclear spin isomerism as shown by Herzberg and Heitler for dihydrogen.
- Dioxygen is a special case as the molecule is paramagnetic so magnetic-dipole-allowed transitions can be observed in the infrared . so that each rotational level is split into three states with total angular momentum ( molecular rotation plus electron spin ) \ mathrm { J \ hbar } \,, J = N + 1, N, and N-1, each J state of this so-called p-type triplet arising from a different orientation of the spin with respect to the rotational motion of the molecule.
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